Oil & Gas Refineries: Used for securing high-pressure pipeline flanges and valve bonnets where leak-proof sealing is a mechanical necessity. Chemical Processing Plants: Employed in heat exchangers and pressure vessels where resistance to corrosive fluids and thermal cycling is required. Power Generation: Critical for steam turbine casings and boiler feed-water systems that operate under extreme temperatures. Marine & Offshore: Utilized in underwater structural assemblies and ship engine mounts due to high resistance to saltwater corrosion (when galvanized or coated). Construction & Infrastructure: Applied in heavy steel bridge girders and high-rise structural foundations for permanent, high-load anchoring.