Conveying high-pressure steam, oil, natural gas, and liquid chemicals in refineries.
Fabricating heat exchangers, boilers, condensers, and superheater tube bundles.
Constructing structural trusses, scaffolding, architectural columns, and heavy piling.
Transporting potable water, fire-fighting fluids, and industrial wastewater networks.
Hydraulic and pneumatic fluid power lines in heavy machinery and automotive assemblies.







