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Reverse osmosis (RO) is membrane separation process that removes dissolved ionic solids. Reverse osmosis is the process of pushing a solution through a filter that traps the solute on one side and allows the pure solvent to be obtained from the other side. More formally, it is the process of forcing a solvent from a region of high solute concentration through a membrane to a region of low solute concentration by applying a pressure in excess of the osmotic pressure .The membrane here is semi permeable, meaning it allows the passage of solvent but not of solute. The water goes into solution in the polymer of which the membrane is manufactured, and crosses it by diffusion .This process requires that a high pressure be exerted on the high concentration side of the membrane.